Choosing Between Rear Access and Side Access for Wheelchair Vehicles
Choosing Between Rear Access and Side Access for Wheelchair Vehicles
When selecting a wheelchair-accessible vehicle (WAV), one of the most important decisions is the access method: rear access vs side access WAV. The choice between these two configurations significantly impacts the vehicle’s usability, safety, and suitability for different environments. Rear access vehicles allow entry from the back, while side access vehicles feature a ramp or lift on the side. Both options have distinct advantages and limitations, and understanding these can help individuals, caregivers, and professionals make informed decisions based on their specific needs, parking situations, and daily routines.
What Is Rear Access vs Side Access WAV?
Rear access WAVs are designed so that the wheelchair user enters the vehicle from the rear, typically via a ramp or lift installed at the back. This configuration is common in many standard WAV conversions and is especially useful in tight parking spots or garages, as it does not require extra space on the side of the vehicle.
Side access WAVs, on the other hand, feature a ramp or lift on the side of the vehicle, allowing the user to enter from the side. This layout is often preferred for street parking or when the vehicle is used in public spaces, as it enables the user to access the vehicle directly from the pavement. Side entry vehicles are also popular when the wheelchair user wishes to sit in the front passenger seat or drive the vehicle themselves.
Types and Variations
There are several variations within both rear and side access WAVs:
- Rear Entry WAVs: Typically used for passengers who travel in the back, these vehicles are well-suited for home garages and situations where parking is limited. The ramp or lift is deployed from the rear, and the user enters from the road.
- Side Entry WAVs: These vehicles are ideal for users who want to sit in the front or drive. Side entry allows access from the pavement, making it safer and more convenient in urban settings.
- Upfront Passenger WAVs: A variation of side entry, this layout enables the wheelchair user to travel in the front passenger seat, often with additional modifications for comfort and safety.
Features, Materials, and Benefits
Both rear and side access WAVs are constructed using robust materials and feature safety enhancements such as:
- Ramps and Lifts: Ramps can be manual or electric, with side entry ramps sometimes requiring a longer deployment and more space. Rear ramps are often longer and less steep, making them easier for larger or heavier wheelchairs.
- Lowered Floors: Many WAVs have lowered floors to improve headroom and reduce ramp angle, making entry and exit easier.
- Securement Systems: Safety is paramount, and all WAVs must have wheelchair tie-downs and occupant restraint systems (WTORS) compliant with ISO 10542 standards.
- Insulation and Customisation: Vehicles can be insulated for comfort and modified to suit individual needs, such as adding extra seating or storage.
Safety Standards and UK Regulations
In the UK, all WAVs must meet strict safety standards to ensure the well-being of users. Vehicles must have Category M GB Type Approval (or equivalent), and converted vehicles require European Whole Vehicle Type Approval, Individual Type Approval (IVA), or European low volume Type Approval. All ramps must accommodate a wheelchair with a minimum safe working load (SWL) of 250kg and comply with BS 6109. The WTORS must also meet ISO 10542 for crash safety.
Regular maintenance is crucial to ensure all safety features remain in good working order, including ramp/lift mechanisms, electrical systems, and restraint hardware.
Use Cases and Applications
- Rear Access WAVs: Best for home use, garages, or situations where parking space is limited. They are often used for transporting passengers and are suitable for caregivers.
- Side Access WAVs: Ideal for urban environments, street parking, and situations where the user wishes to sit in the front or drive. They are commonly used in public transport and by individuals seeking greater independence.
Maintenance and Care Tips
- Regularly inspect ramps and lifts for wear and tear, and lubricate moving parts as recommended by the manufacturer.
- Check all safety restraints and tie-downs for proper function before each journey.
- Keep the vehicle’s electrical systems and brakes in good condition, especially given the additional weight of WAV modifications.
- Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for cleaning and maintaining the lowered floor and ramp areas.
Key Takeaways
Choosing between rear access and side access WAV depends on parking requirements, user needs, and intended use. Rear access is often more practical for home and limited spaces, while side access offers greater flexibility for street parking and user independence. Both configurations must comply with UK safety standards and require regular maintenance to ensure safe operation.
FAQ
What is the difference between rear access and side access WAV?
Rear access WAVs allow entry from the back, ideal for limited parking spaces. Side access WAVs have a ramp or lift on the side, making them better for street parking and front passenger seating.
Which WAV layout is better for home use?
Rear access WAVs are generally better for home use, as they do not require extra space on the side for ramp deployment and are easier to park in garages.
Are WAV ramps safe for heavy wheelchairs?
Yes, WAV ramps must comply with UK safety standards and have a minimum safe working load (SWL) of 250kg, ensuring they can safely accommodate most wheelchairs.
How do I maintain my WAV ramp or lift?
Regularly inspect for wear, lubricate moving parts, and check safety restraints. Follow manufacturer guidelines for cleaning and maintenance.
Can a wheelchair user drive a side access WAV?
Yes, side access WAVs can be configured to allow the wheelchair user to drive, providing greater independence for those who wish to operate the vehicle themselves.